Clinical Reference Systems: Pediatric Advisor 10.0
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Impetigo (Infected Sores)
DESCRIPTION
- Sores are less than 1 inch in diameter.
- Sores begin as small red bumps, which rapidly change to
cloudy blisters, then pimples, and finally sores.
- Sores increase in size (any wound that doesn't heal).
- Sores are often covered by a soft, yellow-brown scab.
- Scabs may be draining pus.
- Impetigo often spreads and the sores increase in number
from scratching and picking at the initial sore.
- Any wound that doesn't heal, or a wound that increases in
size, usually has become infected.
CAUSE
Impetigo is a superficial infection of the skin, caused by
Streptococcus bacteria or Staphylococcus bacteria. It is
more common in the summertime when the skin is often broken
by cuts, scrapes, and insect bites. When caused by a strep
infection of the nose, the impetigo usually first appears
near the nose or mouth.
EXPECTED COURSE
With proper treatment, the skin will be completely healed in
1 week. Some blemishes will remain for 6 to 12 months, but
scars are unusual unless your child repeatedly picks his
sores.
HOME TREATMENT
- Oral antibiotic
Most children with impetigo need an oral antibiotic
prescribed by their physician.
One or two sores that develop after an insect bite or
cut may need only an antibiotic ointment.
- Antibiotic ointment
Before you first apply the antibiotic ointment, remove
the scab. Apply the antibiotic ointment to the raw
surface three times a day. You don't need a
prescription for the ointment. Cover the sores with a
Band-Aid to prevent scratching and spread. Apply the
ointment for 7 days, or longer if necessary. The area
should be washed off with an antibacterial soap each
time before you apply the ointment. Any new crust that
forms should not be removed because this delays healing.
- Removing the scabs
The bacteria live underneath the soft scabs, and until
these are removed, the antibiotic ointment has
difficulty getting through to the bacteria to kill them.
Scabs can be soaked off using warm water and a liquid
antibacterial soap. The area may need to be gently
rubbed, but it should not be scrubbed. A little
bleeding is common if you remove all the crust.
- Preventing the spread of impetigo to other areas on your
child's body
Every time your child touches the impetigo and then
scratches another part of the skin with that finger, he
can start a new site of impetigo. To prevent this,
encourage your child not to touch or pick at the sores.
Keep his fingernails cut short, and wash his hands often
with one of the antibacterial soaps.
- Contagiousness to others
Impetigo is quite contagious. Be certain that other
people in the family do not use your child's towel or
washcloth. Your child should be kept out of school
until he has been on treatment for 24 hours with oral
antibiotics or 48 hours with antibiotic ointment alone.
For mild impetigo treated with an antibiotic ointment,
the child can continue to attend day care or school if
the sore is covered with a Band-Aid.
CALL YOUR CHILD'S PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY IF:
- Your child starts to act very sick.
CALL YOUR CHILD'S PHYSICIAN WITHIN 24 HOURS IF:
- The size and number of sores increase after 48 hours of
treatment.
- A fever or a sore throat occurs.
- The impetigo is not completely healed in 1 week.
- You have other questions or concerns.
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