Clinical Reference Systems: Pediatric Advisor 10.0
Spanish version

What are canker sores?

Canker sores are painful, shallow sores in the lining of the mouth. They are usually on the inside of lips, inside of cheeks, and gums. They do not cause fever.

The exact cause of canker sores is unknown. Some may result from food that gets stuck in the teeth. Others may be due to forgotten injuries from toothbrushes, toothpicks, rough foods (such as corn chips), hot foods, or biting of the lips or cheeks. Herpes simplex causes fever blisters on the outer lip that come and go but does not cause canker sores on the inside of the mouth.

How can I take care of my child?

• Pain relief.

  To reduce the pain, your child can swish 1 teaspoon of an antacid solution in his or her mouth for several minutes. For very young children, put a half teaspoon of antacid solution directly on canker sores after meals. A child over age 4 with just one ulcer can put an antacid tablet on the sore and let it dissolve. Do this three or four times a day. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) as needed for pain (especially at bedtime).

• Diet.

  Offer a soft, bland diet to reduce the pain. Cold drinks and milkshakes are especially good. Avoid giving your child salty foods, citrus fruits, and foods that need much chewing. Encourage your child to drink favorite fluids to prevent dehydration. For very young children, give fluids by cup rather than from a bottle because the nipple can increase the pain.

Call your child's doctor during office hours if:

• The pain becomes severe.
• Your child can't drink enough fluids.
• The sores last longer than 2 weeks.
• You feel your child is getting worse.